Oklahoma’s oil and gasoline business touts its altruism and environmental stewardship by pointing to a voluntary levy that firms pay on their manufacturing, which is then used to wash up orphan wells which have been left to the state.
However a few of Oklahoma’s largest oil firms have opted out of the fund, forcing the state to return tens of millions of {dollars} that may have in any other case gone to restoring land scarred by discarded drilling infrastructure and contaminated by leaks and spills, in response to a ProPublica and Capital & Fundamental evaluation.
The checklist of firms that obtained such refunds consists of a few of the Oklahoma oil business’s family names, equivalent to Ovintiv and Chesapeake Vitality Corp. It additionally consists of the 2 richest folks within the state: Harold Hamm, a pioneer in fracking expertise and the founding father of the multibillion-dollar Continental Sources, and George Kaiser, whose success as head of his household’s oil firm helped him purchase the Financial institution of Oklahoma.
All informed, dozens of oil firms obtained refunds price about $11 million over the previous seven years, ProPublica and Capital & Fundamental discovered. Put one other manner, for each $100 the state introduced in through this funding mechanism, it despatched $8.58 again to grease firms.
The Oklahoma Vitality Sources Board, created by the Legislature in 1993, collects a 0.1% evaluation on oil and gasoline manufacturing that features like a tax on the state’s largest business. The roughly $163 million collected — after refunds — for the reason that levy’s inception has funded the restoration of greater than 20,000 websites.
If the board had not needed to problem the tens of millions of {dollars} in refunds, it might have restored an extra 1,500 orphan properly websites, in response to the board’s common cleanup invoice. Till they’re plugged, these wells can leak a litany of pollution, from poisonous gasses to salty wastewater, presenting an environmental disaster throughout Oklahoma.
ProPublica and Capital & Fundamental reached out to all 76 firms that requested refunds up to now seven years in addition to to the primary in-state commerce teams, the Oklahoma Vitality Producers Alliance and the Petroleum Alliance of Oklahoma. The Petroleum Alliance of Oklahoma, Hamm’s Continental Sources, Kaiser’s Kaiser-Francis Oil Co., Chesapeake Vitality and Ovintiv didn’t reply to requests for remark.
Solely two oil producers answered questions: one stated she requested refunds to chop down on contact with regulators, whereas the opposite dismissed issues concerning the refunds, stating that “it’s not that a lot cash.”
Zack Taylor, a spokesperson for the Oklahoma Vitality Producers Alliance, wrote in an e mail that the board “has achieved crucial work cleansing up deserted properly websites throughout Oklahoma.” However, he added, “We consider it ought to be an choose in program so the smaller producers and royalty homeowners might agree up entrance whether or not or to not take part.”
Along with paying for orphan properly web site cleanup, the Vitality Sources Board’s levy funds pro-fossil gasoline advertising campaigns that vary from Ok-12 curricula selling the business in lecture rooms to programming with Mike Rowe, the fact tv star identified for the present “Soiled Jobs.”
Mindy Stitt, the Vitality Sources Board’s government director, stated the state’s oil firms “exemplify what it means to be neighbor.”
“They contribute tens of millions of {dollars} to our applications, even when they need to request a refund some years, making important impacts throughout our state,” she stated.
Oklahoma’s Orphan Nicely Epidemic
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Mark Olalde/ProPublica
Not everybody sees it that manner.
Don Scott has labored his farm in south-central Oklahoma for years, harvesting hay whereas fastidiously avoiding an orphan properly that scars one in every of his fields. The inexperienced pump jack stood inoperable on a current go to to the farm, rust consuming by the steel. Salt contamination had turned the soil an unnatural white, the filth cracking on the base of the properly.
The properly occupies in any other case productive land and will leak extra pollution into the atmosphere. “And that ain’t counting the aggravation of getting to work round it,” stated Scott, whose father and grandfather labored within the oil fields and who now laments the state’s orphan properly epidemic.
Greater than 18,000 wells have already been labeled as orphans by the Oklahoma Company Fee, the state’s principal oil regulatory physique. That quantity is prone to swell, because the state has greater than a quarter-million unplugged wells — some lively, some already idle — in response to knowledge from power software program agency Enverus.
However the cash accessible for cleanup pales compared to the duty. The Oklahoma Company Fee collects its personal tax, which has generated solely a several-million-dollar orphan properly fund. The state rapidly exhausted federal cash it obtained from the Infrastructure Funding and Jobs Act to plug wells. And drillers have put aside solely 0.6% of the projected cleanup price through monetary devices referred to as bonds, in response to a ProPublica and Capital & Fundamental evaluation of state knowledge.
This leaves the Vitality Sources Board and its voluntary cleanup fund as an vital device in Oklahoma’s wrestle to handle its unplugged wells.
If the Vitality Sources Board fund continues to be voluntary in a state that’s already gradual to impose laws on its most profitable business, critics say, then firms ought to not less than be required to put aside sufficient cash to plug their very own wells.
“Native business additionally has an element to play in funding remediation,” stated Kara Pleasure McKee, director of the Sierra Membership’s Oklahoma chapter. “It ought to be a basic obligation of the business that has obtained a lot wealth from the sources of this state.”
Huge Oil, Huge Refunds
Among the state’s main oil producers prime the checklist of firms that requested refunds.
Continental Sources obtained almost $1.6 million in refunds over the seven years for which the Vitality Sources Board maintains knowledge, whereas Kaiser-Francis Oil took in about $490,000.
Ovintiv, an $11 billion oil firm, was by far the most important recipient, as its subsidiaries and associated entities acquired greater than $3.8 million again.
Subsequent on the checklist, a partnership between giant driller Mach Sources and personal fairness agency Bayou Metropolis Vitality Administration obtained greater than $2.1 million in refunds. Neither firm responded to requests for remark.
The Oklahoma Metropolis-headquartered Chesapeake Vitality, valued at $10 billion, additionally appeared on the checklist, getting a greater than $400,000 refund.
And corporations belonging to the McCasland household, longtime Oklahoma oil producers, filed dozens of requests totalling a number of hundred-thousand {dollars} in refunds. One of many household’s firms, Twin D Vitality, repeatedly pursued the refund, even when it stood to solely get again quantities as little as $2.57, $3.47 and $3.71 in a given 12 months. Tom McCasland III, the president of the household’s firms, stated they solely request refunds for their very own portion of oil manufacturing, not for different working curiosity homeowners.
“It Must Be There Completely”
Oklahoma has a sundown regulation that units the date by which the state should dissolve or renew sure authorities companies, and the Vitality Sources Board is dealing with the chopping block. In 2023, its sundown date was pushed again to 2025 to provide lawmakers time to determine what to do with the company. However a number of payments proposed on this 12 months’s and final 12 months’s legislative session to increase or replace the board’s mandate failed.
As a substitute, the state’s oil commerce teams have entered negotiations to draft their very own language destined for the Legislature. A few of their concepts threaten to additional undermine funding for the board’s cleanup work.
On one hand, the commerce teams are discussing provisions to permit the board to plug wells as a substitute of solely cleansing up floor contamination. However some oil firms are additionally aiming to make it simpler to keep away from paying the evaluation that funds the board’s work, doubtlessly solely gathering cash from drillers who choose in.
“There are folks that don’t really feel that it’s actually refundable,” stated McCasland, who serves because the Oklahoma Vitality Producers Alliance’s chairman along with his work together with his household’s oil firms. Consequently, the negotiations have included discussions concerning the ease of getting the cash again.
Each greenback refunded is one much less greenback spent cleansing up the business’s orphan wells, so landowners like Scott, the farmer with an orphan properly on his land, may need to proceed ready to see previous, leaking infrastructure faraway from their property.
The Vitality Sources Board is a “good factor,” Scott stated, and it has begun cleanup on his land. So he expressed frustration upon studying that oil firms frequently ask the board for refunds.
“As soon as it’s paid in,” he stated, “it must be there completely.”
